Intra-Uterine Device (IUD)
What it is . . .
An IUD is a specially shaped piece of plastic wrapped with copper wire. It must be inserted and removed by a doctor. The IUD has strings attached that will be trimmed so that they protrude slightly from the cervix. These must be checked every month after the woman's period.
How it works . . .
The IUD works by doing one or more of the following:
Changing the chemical makeup of the lining of the uterus (egg couldn't
implant)
Increasing the speed with which the egg travels down the fallopian tube
(i.e. shorter window for fertilization)
It may immobilize sperm
It may dislodge a fertilized egg implanted in the uterine wall
IUDs can be left in place for possibly up to 5 years. Generally, 2-3 years is recommended. A woman should have it checked after 2 years by her doctor or if she cannot find the strings.
Who shouldn't use them . . .
People who:
~ Have multiple sexual partners because of an increased risk of STI
~ Have not had a previous pregnancy
may not be a good candidate because her uterus
may not be large enough to accommodate it and because of the possibility of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
~ Are allergic to copper
~ Have an active pelvic infection
The IUD is not recommended for women who have:
1. Recent or recurrent pelvic infections
2. Valvular heart disease
3. Abnormal pap smears
4. Acute cervical or vaginal infections
5. A history of ectopic pregnancy
What are the side effects . . .
~ Increased menstrual bleeding and cramping
~ Spotting between periods
~ May make user more susceptible to STIs such as chlamydia
~ IUD may move, possibly puncturing the uterine wall
~ In rare cases, may cause infection associated with pelvic inflammatory disease which may lead to infertility
~ If a pregnancy occurs when an IUD is in place, the woman should see her doctor as soon as possible to discuss options
regarding removal of the IUD
~ There is a higher incidence of PID and ectopic pregnancy in IUD users
Effectiveness rates . . . 95-99%
Where to get it . . .
It must be put in at a doctor's office. You can buy them at a pharmacy with a prescription. You can also get them at Saskatoon Sexual Health Centre for $50.00 or $325.00